MATHS has solved the mystery. An analytical technique never before applied to aircraft tracking this week led investigators to a tragic conclusion: the missing Malaysia Airlines jet crashed into the southern Indian Ocean killing all 239 people on board. Flight MH370, missing since 8 March, had VHF radio and satellite transmitters on board for sending technical data to the airline. Even though the satellite transmitter was unused, it maintained a connection to a satellite by pinging it with an hourly radio pulse, much like an unused cellphone stays connected to a network. On 15 March, the power of those hourly pings was used to calculate how far the plane was from a geostationary Inmarsat satellite. That showed the plane was flying either north towards Kazakhstan, or south into the open reaches of the Indian Ocean. Now a deeper mathematical analysis using the Doppler effect has quantified how ping frequencies change as planes approach or move away from a satellite. The frequency of the pings received from flight MH370 were checked against other flights in the same region to show that the plane flew the southern route until it ran out of fuel 2500 kilometres west of Perth, Australia. In a text message to relatives, Malaysia Airlines said: “We have to assume beyond any reasonable doubt that MH370 has been lost and none of those on board survived".
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